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Dr. Hal Broxmeyer discovered the presence of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in human cord blood.
Matthew Farrow, then a 5 year old boy with Fanconi anemia, received the world's first cord blood transplant. The pioneering medical event was an international effort: Matthew came from North Carolina USA, his donor was his newborn baby sister, the American scientist who stored the cord blood was Dr. Hal Broxmeyer, and the transplant was performed at the Hôpital Saint-Louis in Paris, where his French physician was Dr. Eliane Gluckman. Matt is now 30 years old, married, and a father.
First successful related cord blood transplant conducted in Paris, France, on a six-year old male patient from Duke suffering from a blood disorder called “Fanconi’s Anemia”. The boy is now 31 years old and enjoying his life to the max!
ref1 - ( http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198910263211707 )
ref1 - ( http://cordbloodbank.corduse.com/about-cord-useleadership.php )
A team led by Dr. Edward A. Boyse, including Dr. Hal Broxmeyer, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences that it was feasible to collect umbilical cord blood from birth, ship it to a lab, and cryopreserve it for later therapy. Dr. Boyce was a pioneer in immunology.
First successful related cord blood transplant conducted in Paris, France, on a six-year old male patient from Duke suffering from a blood disorder called “Fanconi’s Anemia”. The boy is now 31 years old and enjoying his life to the max!
ref1 - ( http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC287234/ )
ref1 - ( http://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/27/us/27boyse.html )
Natalie Curry also received one of the very first cord blood transplants with Dr. Gluckman, and went on to become a vocal advocate for cord blood education. Natalie's sister Emily was her cord blood donor, and later when Emily turned age 18 she also donated a kidney to Natalie.
ref1 - ( http://nataliecurry.com/ )
First public bank for umbilical cord blood was established by Dr. Pablo Rubenstein at the New York Blood Center through funding provided by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Dr. Rubinstein is also credited with pioneering methods of cord blood collection and storage that became industry standards. The NY Blood Center currently holds almost 60,000 cord blood donations.
ref1 - ( http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/content /81/7/1679.full.pdf )
ref1 - ( http://www.nationalcordbloodprogram.org/ )
The first unrelated cord blood transplant in the world is performed by Dr. Joanne Kurtzberg at Duke University Pediatric Blood and Marrow Program. Mitch Santa became the first person to eceive a cord blood transplant from an unrelated donor when he was less than 2 years old. He was cured of acute leukemia thanks to an anonymous baby whose cord blood had been donated to the NY Blood Center in its first year of operation.
FDA launches the IND (Investigational New Drug)
Dr. Mary Laughlin performed the world's first cord blood transplant for an adult leukemia patient. She was then at Duke Medical Center, but went on to found transplant programs at the Cleveland Cord Blood Center and the University of Virginia.
ref1 - ( http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org /content/88/3/795.short )Dr. Mitchell Cairo and Dr. John Wagner led the first demonstration that long term patient survival is comparable with cord blood transplants and bone marrow transplants. Numerous researchers have reinforced this conclusion over the years, both for children and adult patients. Dr. Cairo now heads the stem cell transplant program for the children's hospital at Westchester Medical Center.
ref1 - ( http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/content /81/7/1679.full.pdf )Dr. Mitchell Cairo and Dr. John Wagner led the first demonstration that long term patient survival is comparable with cord blood transplants and bone marrow transplants. Numerous researchers have reinforced this conclusion over the years, both for children and adult patients. Dr. Cairo now heads the stem cell transplant program for the children's hospital at Westchester Medical Center.
ref1 - ( http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/content /81/7/1679.full.pdf )Stephen Sprague was the first adult to receive an "expanded" cord blood transplant where the cells were first grown in the lab before infusion. He was treated for CML leukemia in blast crisis by Dr. Andrew Pecora at the Hackensack Medical Center.
ref1 - ( http://www.nationalcordbloodprogram.org/patients /patient_sprague.html )Dr. Frances Verter founded the Parent's Guide to Cord Blood website in memory of her daughter Shai. PGCB
ref1 - ( http://ParentsGuideCordBlood.org )Dr. John Wagner published a key study in the journal Blood that analyzed the influence of stem cell dose and degree of donorpatient match on the outcome of cord blood transplants. There have been many subsequent papers analyzing this topic.
ref1 - ( http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/content/100/5 /1611.full )
Andrej was 6 months old when he became the first child to receive a transplant of his own cord blood to cure a malignant brain tumor called medulloblastoma. His cord blood had been stored with Eurocord-Slovakia, a partner of Cord Blood Center. The treatment took place at the University Children's Hospital in Bratislavia, Slovakia. PGCB
ref1 - ( http://ParentsGuideCordBlood.org )Dr. Juliet Barker is the leading expert on the use of double cord transplants to treat adults. Her first publication on this approach appeared in Blood, when she was at the University of Minnesota, and she has continued to push this frontier as director of the cord blood transplantation program at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.
ref1 - ( http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/content/105/3 /1343.full )European Union Tissues and Cells Directive (EUTCD) 2004/23/EC in April 2006, stating that ‘procurement of human tissues or cells shall be authorized only after all mandatory consent or authorization requirements have been met’, all CBUs collected need to have a signed consent obtained prior to delivery.
Jake Liao was the first child to receive a stem cell transplant from a sibling as therapy for a rare and fatal skin disorder called epidermolysis bullosa, or EB. Pictured is his brother Jake, who received the 3rd transplant for EB. The discovery that cord blood transplants could teach the body to produce missing skin proteins was made at the University of Minnesota, by a team led by Dr. John Wagner and Dr. Jakub Tolar.
ref1 - ( http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa0910501 )
ref1 - ( http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/08/12/skin.disease.stem.cell /index.html )
Dr. J.J. Nietfeld, together with Dr. Verter and a team from CIBMTR, published an analysis of U.S. stem cell transplant statistics in the journal Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Over the course of a 70 year lifetime, more than 1 in 200 Americans has a stem cell transplant.
ref1 - ( http://www.bbmt.org/article/S1083-8791%2807%2901168-8 /fulltext )
Dr. Vanderson Rocha and Dr. Eliane Gluckman, on behalf of the European Blood and Marrow Transplant group, published in the British Journal of Haematology that 20,000 cord blood transplants had been performed to date around the world.
ref1 - ( http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111 /j.1365-2141.2009.07883.x/full )
Dr. Hal Broxmeyer, the scientist who invented our standard protocols for banking cord blood, stated in the journal Cell Stem Cell that his lab has thawed cord blood that was cryopreserved more than 23 years and found the recovery of viable stem cells undiminished by time.
ref1 - ( http://www.sciencedirect.com/science /article/pii/S1934590909006316 )
Dr. Colleen Delaney and colleagues at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center have found a new way to grow cord blood stem cells in the lab to expand the cell count before transplant. They use an engineered protein to activate a cell signaling pathway that triggers growth. Their first clinical trial, published in Nature Medicine, followed a decade of laboratory work. They achieved a 164-fold expansion of the stem cells and were able to reconstitute patient immune systems in two weeks.
ref1 - ( http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/v16/n2 /full/nm.2080.html )
ref1 - ( http://www.fhcrc.org/en/news/releases /2010/01/umbilical.html )
Dr. Joanne Kurtzberg and and colleagues published a paper in the journal Transfusion describing the treatments given to the first 184 children who received their own cord blood at Duke Medical Center as therapy for acquired neurological disorders. These patients had diagnoses including cerebral palsy, hydrocephalus, oxygen deprivation at birth, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, stroke, etc.
ref1 - ( http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com /doi/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02720.x/full )
Dr. Charles S. Cox Jr. and colleagues published in the journal Neurosurgery that giving children their own stem cells showed promise as a treatment for traumatic brain injury, the leading cause of death in children. Dr. Cox is a neurosurgeon who directs the pediatric trauma program at the University of Texas Medical School in Houston. He is currently heading a clinical trial in which children with traumatic brain injury receive their own cord blood.
ref1 - ( http://journals.lww.com/neurosurgery/Abstract /2011/03000 /Autologous_Bone_Marrow_Mononuclear_Cell_Therapy.3.aspx )
ref2 - ( http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01251003 )
Ever since she performed the first cord blood transplant in 1988, Dr. Eliane Gluckman has led studies that compared the outcome of cord blood transplants with related versus unrelated donors, always finding that related are better. The first publication in NEJM in 1997 found survival was more than double with related donors. Unrelated transplants have improved over time, but a publication in Haematologica in 2011 still found survival 1.5 times better with sibling donors.
ref3 - ( http://www.haematologica.com/content/96/1/134.full )
Over 30,000 unrelated cord blood transplants were performed.
Dr. Michael Chez, director of pediatric neurology at the Sutter Neuroscience In stitute in Sacramento, launched the first clinical trial to treat children who have autism with their own cord blood. According to the CDC, 1 in 88 U.S. children are on the spectrum of autism related disorders.
ref1 - ( http://www.sacbee.com /2012/08/21/4743150/sutter-neuroscience-institute.html )
ref2 - ( http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01638819 )
Dr. Elizabeth Shpall and colleagues at the MD Anderson Cancer Center published in the New England Journal of Medicine that they can expand cord blood stem cells 30-fold simply by immersing them in an environment that mimics the bone marrow inside a human body, including the presence of other types of stem cells. In their clinical trial they were able to reconstitute patient immune systems in two weeks.
ref3- ( http://www.nejm.org /doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1207285 )
ref4 ( http://app1.kuhf.org /articles/1357056924-MD-Anderson-Team-Pioneers-Method-ToImprove-Cord-Blood-Yield.html )
The first proof that cord blood is effective in the treatment of cerebral palsy. Results from a placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial were published in the journal Stem Cells. The trial was conducted at CHA Bundang Medical Center in South Korea under the leadership of Dr. MinYoung Kim.
ref4 ( http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/stem.1304/full )
Dr. Maria Craig, a pediatric endocrinologist at the children's hospital in Sydney Australia, launched the world's first trial that attempts to use a child's own cord blood to prevent type 1 diabetes. A previous study started in 2007 by Dr. Michael Haller at the University of Florida showed that diabetic children who received their own cord blood needed less insulin, but only temporarily. It is hoped that the new study will intervene early enough to stop the auto-immune process that leads to type 1 diabetes.
ref1 - ( ref (/sites/default/files/statis_pages /CoRD_Scientific_Summary.pdf) )
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